yanuarakhid - 22 Mar 2020 • Baca 13 Menit Tutorial Debian 10 : Cara Instalasi phpMyAdmin dan Maria DB Server Menggunakan Nginx Web Server
phpMyadmin merupakan salah satu perangkat lunak berbasis web yang digunakan untuk memudahkan dalam administrasi database mysql dan mariadb seperti membuat dan menghapus database, membuat table, dan operasi lain yang berkaitan dengan database mysql atau mariadb. Pada kesempatan ini saya akan memberikan tutorial bagaimana menginstall phpmyadmin dan maridb server pada Debian 10, yang tentunya menggunakan nginx web server.
# lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Debian
Description: Debian GNU/Linux 10 (buster)
Release: 10
Codename: buster
1. Sudah Menginstall Web Server
Hal pertama yang harus disiapkan adalah kalian harus sudah menyiapkan web server untuk menginstall phpmyadmin. Pada tutorial ini kita akan menggunakan Nginx sebagai web servernya dan juga sudah bisa menjalankan PHP yang tentunya pada tutorial sebelumnya saya sudah membahasnya.
# nginx -v
nginx version: nginx/1.14.2
# php --version
PHP 7.3.14-1~deb10u1 (cli) (built: Feb 16 2020 15:07:23) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group
2. Update & Upgrade
Update terlebih dahulu repository kalian dengan perintah apt update atau jika pada mode user maka jangan lupa tambahkan sudo pada setiap perintah sudo apt update, kemudian upgrade Debian kalian dengan perintah apt upgrade atau kalian dapat menggabungkan kedua perintah tersebut apt update && apt upgrade. Jika kalian menggunakan repository online maka pastikan internet kamu stabil dan lancar kalian dapat mengujinya menggunakan untilitas ping.
# apt update && apt upgrade 3. Instalasi MariaDB-Server
Untuk menginstall mariadb-server sangatlah mudah cukup dengan mengetikan apt install mariadb-server.
# apt install mariadb-server
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
galera-3 gawk libaio1 libcgi-fast-perl libcgi-pm-perl libconfig-inifiles-perl libdbd-mysql-perl
libdbi-perl libencode-locale-perl libfcgi-perl libhtml-parser-perl libhtml-tagset-perl
libhtml-template-perl libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl libio-html-perl liblwp-mediatypes-perl
libmariadb3 libmpfr6 libreadline5 libsigsegv2 libsnappy1v5 libterm-readkey-perl libtimedate-perl
liburi-perl mariadb-client-10.3 mariadb-client-core-10.3 mariadb-common mariadb-server-10.3
mariadb-server-core-10.3 mysql-common rsync socat
Suggested packages:
gawk-doc libclone-perl libmldbm-perl libnet-daemon-perl libsql-statement-perl libdata-dump-perl
libipc-sharedcache-perl libwww-perl mailx mariadb-test netcat-openbsd tinyca
The following NEW packages will be installed:
galera-3 gawk libaio1 libcgi-fast-perl libcgi-pm-perl libconfig-inifiles-perl libdbd-mysql-perl
libdbi-perl libencode-locale-perl libfcgi-perl libhtml-parser-perl libhtml-tagset-perl
libhtml-template-perl libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl libio-html-perl liblwp-mediatypes-perl
libmariadb3 libmpfr6 libreadline5 libsigsegv2 libsnappy1v5 libterm-readkey-perl libtimedate-perl
liburi-perl mariadb-client-10.3 mariadb-client-core-10.3 mariadb-common mariadb-server
mariadb-server-10.3 mariadb-server-core-10.3 mysql-common rsync socat
0 upgraded, 34 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 22.2 MB of archives.
After this operation, 170 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] [Tekan y untuk melanjutkan]
Setelah instalasi selesai sekarang kita akan memberikan password root untuk mariadb-server karena secara default mariadb tidak memiliki password dan tentunya ini menjadikan database kita menjadi tidak aman.
# mysql -u root
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 49
Server version: 10.3.22-MariaDB-0+deb10u1 Debian 10
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]>
Untuk meberikan password caranya cukup mudah hanya dengan perintah mysql_secure_installation. Dan pada New password: ketikan password kalian jika sudah tekan enter diline selanjutnya Re-enter new password: kalian diminta untuk memasukan konfirmasi password.
# mysql_secure_installation
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none): [enter]
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.
Set root password? [Y/n] Y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y
... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y
... Success!
By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y
- Dropping test database...
... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y
... Success!
Cleaning up...
All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MariaDB!
Instalasi dan konfigurasi password pada mariadb selesai. Maka kita dapat login menggunakan password yang telah kita buat tadi.
# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: [masukan password yang kalian buat tadi]
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 59
Server version: 10.3.22-MariaDB-0+deb10u1 Debian 10
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> [ctrl+d] #untuk keluar dari mysql shell
4. Instalasi phpMyadmin
Pada tahap ini pastikan lagi kalian sudah mengistall web server Nginx dan PHP. Jika belum maka kalian harus menginstallnya terlebih dahulu untuk lebih jelasnya kalian bisa menbaca postingan sebelumnya. Install dependensi yang diperlukan oleh phpmyadmin terlebih dahulu.
# apt install php-cli php-json php-gettext php-mbstring php-mysql php-xml php-curl php-php-gettext wget Di versi Debian sebelumnya kita bisa menginstall debian dengan cara mengetikan apt install phpmyadmin. Karena pada Debian 10 ini sudah tidak ada paket phpMyadmin lagi maka kita download installer phpmyadmin terlebih dahulu.
# wget http://ftp.br.debian.org/debian/pool/main/p/phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin_4.6.6-4_all.deb
--2020-03-21 17:19:15-- http://ftp.br.debian.org/debian/pool/main/p/phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin_4.6.6-4_all.deb
Resolving ftp.br.debian.org (ftp.br.debian.org)... 200.236.31.3
Connecting to ftp.br.debian.org (ftp.br.debian.org)|200.236.31.3|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 3910838 (3.7M) [application/x-debian-package]
Saving to: ‘phpmyadmin_4.6.6-4_all.deb’
phpmyadmin_4.6.6-4_all.deb 100%[======================================================>] 3.73M 155KB/s in 46s
2020-03-21 17:20:02 (83.1 KB/s) - ‘phpmyadmin_4.6.6-4_all.deb’ saved [3910838/3910838]
Setelah installer phpmyadmin_4.6.6-4_all.deb berhasil didownload maka saat nya kita untuk memulai instalasi paket. Caranya adalah dpkg -i phpmyadmin_4.6.6-4_all.deb .
# dpkg -i phpmyadmin_4.6.6-4_all.deb
Selecting previously unselected package phpmyadmin.
(Reading database ... 36223 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack phpmyadmin_4.6.6-4_all.deb ...
Unpacking phpmyadmin (4:4.6.6-4) ...
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of phpmyadmin:
phpmyadmin depends on php; however:
Package php is not installed.
phpmyadmin depends on libjs-sphinxdoc (>= 1.0); however:
Package libjs-sphinxdoc is not installed.
phpmyadmin depends on dbconfig-mysql | dbconfig-no-thanks | dbconfig-common (<< 2.0.0); however:
Package dbconfig-mysql is not installed.
Package dbconfig-no-thanks is not installed.
Package dbconfig-common is not installed.
phpmyadmin depends on php-phpseclib (>= 2.0); however:
Package php-phpseclib is not installed.
dpkg: error processing package phpmyadmin (--install):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Processing triggers for man-db (2.8.5-2) ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
phpmyadmin
Nah jika terjadi error seperti pada diatas maka tak usah panik itu disebabkan karena dependesi yang diperlukan untuk mengistall phpMyadmin masih kurang kita dapat memperbaikinya dengan cara apt install -f.
# apt install -f
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
dbconfig-common dbconfig-mysql javascript-common libjs-jquery libjs-sphinxdoc libjs-underscore php php-phpseclib php7.3
Suggested packages:
php-libsodium php-mcrypt php-gmp
The following NEW packages will be installed:
dbconfig-common dbconfig-mysql javascript-common libjs-jquery libjs-sphinxdoc libjs-underscore php php-phpseclib php7.3
0 upgraded, 9 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
1 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 1,364 kB of archives.
After this operation, 4,209 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] [Tekan y untuk melanjutkan]
Jika sudah maka instalasi phpMyadmin akan dilanjutkan, pada Configure database for phpmyadmin with dbconfig-common? pilih Yes dengan mengggunakan tab untuk navigasi dan enter untuk memilih.
Package configuration
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────┤ Configuring phpmyadmin ├────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ │
│ The phpmyadmin package must have a database installed and configured before it can be used. This can be optionally │
│ handled with dbconfig-common. │
│ │
│ If you are an advanced database administrator and know that you want to perform this configuration manually, or if your │
│ database has already been installed and configured, you should refuse this option. Details on what needs to be done │
│ should most likely be provided in /usr/share/doc/phpmyadmin. │
│ │
│ Otherwise, you should probably choose this option. │
│ │
│ Configure database for phpmyadmin with dbconfig-common? │
│ │
│ <Yes> <No> │
│ │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Kita diminta memasukan password MariaDB server kita. Maka masukan saja password nya kemudian jika sudah pilih Ok.
Package configuration
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────┤ Configuring phpmyadmin ├────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Please provide a password for phpmyadmin to register with the database server. If left blank, a random password will be │
│ generated. │
│ │
│ MySQL application password for phpmyadmin: │
│ │
│ ******__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ │
│ │
│ <Ok> <Cancel> │
│ │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Masukan konfirmasi password kalian, jika sudah tekan Ok.
Package configuration
┌────┤ Configuring phpmyadmin ├─────┐
│ │
│ │
│ Password confirmation: │
│ │
│ ******___________________________ │
│ │
│ <Ok> <Cancel> │
│ │
└───────────────────────────────────┘
Karena kita tidak menggunakan apache2 maupun lighttpd sebagai web server maka kita unchek saja menggunakan spasi jiki sudah pilih Ok.
Package configuration
┌────────────────────────┤ Configuring phpmyadmin ├─────────────────────────┐
│ Please choose the web server that should be automatically configured to │
│ run phpMyAdmin. │
│ │
│ Web server to reconfigure automatically: │
│ │
│ [ ] apache2 │
│ [ ] lighttpd │
│ │
│ │
│ <Ok> <Cancel> │
│ │
└───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
2. Mengakses phpMyadmin
Untuk mengakses phpMyadmin kita cukup mengetikan http://ip-address-kamu/phpmyadmin atau jika kalian menginstall pada lokal komputer kalian http://localhost/phpmyadmin.
Mengapa Not Found ? Ini karena kita belum membuat symlink untuk phpMyadmin kita pada direktori /var/www/html. Mari kita buat dahulu.
# ln -s /usr/share/phpmyadmin/ /var/www/html/ Setelah itu reload kembali. Maka halaman phpMyadmin akan terbuka kamu bisa login menggunakan username phpmyamdin dan password yang telah kamu buat tadi. Tetapi kamu tidak bisa membuat database. Mengapa? Karena status user kamu bukan merupakan superuser atau root.
2. Agar Bisa Login sebagai ROOT user
Untuk bisa login menggunakan superuser atau root maka kita bisa lakukan dengan cara mereconfigure phpmyadmin kita berikut caranya.
# dpkg-reconfigure phpmyadmin Pilih Ok.
Package configuration
┌──────────────────────────────┤ Configuring phpmyadmin ├──────────────────────────────┐
│ │
│ Since you are reconfiguring phpmyadmin, you may also want to reinstall the database │
│ which it uses. │
│ │
│ If you wish to reinstall the database for phpmyadmin, you should select this │
│ option. If you do not wish to do so (if you are reconfiguring the package for │
│ unrelated reasons), you should not select this option. │
│ │
│ Warning: if you opt to reinstall the database and install it under a name that │
│ already exists, the old database will be dropped without further questions. In that │
│ case a backup of the original database is made in /var/tmp/. │
│ │
│ Warning: if you change the name of the database, the old database will not be │
│ removed. If you change the name of the user that connects to the database, the │
│ privileges of the original user will not be revoked. │
│ │
│ <Ok> │
│ │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Reinstall database for phpmyadmin? pilih Yes.
Package configuration
┌─────┤ Configuring phpmyadmin ├──────┐
│ │
│ Reinstall database for phpmyadmin? │
│ │
│ <Yes> <No> │
│ │
└─────────────────────────────────────┘
Pilih yang TCP/IP.
Package configuration
┌─────────────────────────────┤ Configuring phpmyadmin ├──────────────────────────────┐
│ By default, phpmyadmin will be configured to use a MySQL server through a local │
│ Unix socket (this provides the best performance). To connect with a different │
│ method, or to a different server entirely, select the appropriate option from the │
│ choices here. │
│ │
│ Connection method for MySQL database of phpmyadmin: │
│ │
│ Unix socket │
│ TCP/IP │
│ │
│ │
│ <Ok> <Cancel> │
│ │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Pilih localhost.
Package configuration
┌──────────────────────────────┤ Configuring phpmyadmin ├──────────────────────────────┐
│ Please select the remote hostname to use, or select "new host" to enter a new host. │
│ │
│ Host name of the MySQL database server for phpmyadmin: │
│ │
│ new host │
│ localhost │
│ │
│ │
│ <Ok> <Cancel> │
│ │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Isikan Port default MariaDB yaitu 3306 kemudian Ok.
Package configuration
┌──────────────────────────────┤ Configuring phpmyadmin ├──────────────────────────────┐
│ Please specify the port the MySQL database on the remote host is running on. To use │
│ the default port, leave this field blank. │
│ │
│ Port number for the MySQL service: │
│ │
│ 3306________________________________________________________________________________ │
│ │
│ <Ok> <Cancel> │
│ │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Biarkan default saja phpmyadmin lalu Ok.
Package configuration
┌───────────────────────┤ Configuring phpmyadmin ├────────────────────────┐
│ Please provide a name for the MySQL database to be used by phpmyadmin. │
│ │
│ MySQL database name for phpmyadmin: │
│ │
│ phpmyadmin_____________________________________________________________ │
│ │
│ <Ok> <Cancel> │
│ │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Pilih Ok.
Package configuration
┌──────────────────────────────┤ Configuring phpmyadmin ├──────────────────────────────┐
│ │
│ Please provide a MySQL username for phpmyadmin to register with the database │
│ server. A MySQL user is not necessarily the same as a system login, especially if │
│ the database is on a remote server. │
│ │
│ This is the user which will own the database, tables, and other objects to be │
│ created by this installation. This user will have complete freedom to insert, │
│ change, or delete data in the database. │
│ │
│ If your username contains an @, you need to specify the domain as well (see below). │
│ │
│ Advanced usage: if you need to define the domain that the user will log in from, │
│ you can write "username@domain". │
│ │
│ <Ok> │
│ │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Edit username nya menjadi root@localhost.
Package configuration
┌────┤ Configuring phpmyadmin ├─────┐
│ MySQL username for phpmyadmin: │
│ │
│ root@localhost___________________ │
│ │
│ <Ok> <Cancel> │
│ │
└───────────────────────────────────┘
Masukan password MariaDB kalian. Lalu Pilih Ok.
Package configuration
┌─────────────────────────────┤ Configuring phpmyadmin ├──────────────────────────────┐
│ Please provide a password for phpmyadmin to register with the database server. If │
│ left blank, a random password will be generated. │
│ │
│ MySQL application password for phpmyadmin: │
│ │
│ ******_____________________________________________________________________________ │
│ │
│ <Ok> <Cancel> │
│ │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Masukkan Konfirmasi password. Lalu Pilih Ok.
Package configuration
┌────┤ Configuring phpmyadmin ├─────┐
│ │
│ │
│ Password confirmation: │
│ │
│ ******___________________________ │
│ │
│ <Ok> <Cancel> │
│ │
└───────────────────────────────────┘
Isikan root. Lalu Pilih Ok.
Package configuration
┌──────────────────────────────┤ Configuring phpmyadmin ├──────────────────────────────┐
│ Please provide the name of the account with which this package should perform │
│ administrative actions. This user is the one with the power to create new database │
│ users. │
│ │
│ For MySQL, this is almost always "root". Note that this is not the same as the Unix │
│ login "root". │
│ │
│ Name of the database's administrative user: │
│ │
│ root________________________________________________________________________________ │
│ │
│ <Ok> <Cancel> │
│ │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Tidak Perlu pilih Keduanya karena kita menggunakan web server Nginx. Lalu Pilih Ok.
Package configuration
┌──────────────────────────┤ Configuring phpmyadmin ├───────────────────────────┐
│ Please choose the web server that should be automatically configured to run │
│ phpMyAdmin. │
│ │
│ Web server to reconfigure automatically: │
│ │
│ [ ] apache2 │
│ [ ] lighttpd │
│ │
│ │
│ <Ok> <Cancel> │
│ │
└───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Jika terjadi error jangan panik, memang seperti ini. Pilih Ok.
Package configuration
┌─────────────────────────────┤ Configuring phpmyadmin ├─────────────────────────────┐
│ │
│ An error occurred while installing the database: │
│ │
│ mysql said: ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using │
│ password: NO) . Your options are: │
│ * abort - Causes the operation to fail; you will need to downgrade, │
│ reinstall, reconfigure this package, or otherwise manually intervene │
│ to continue using it. This will usually also impact your ability to │
│ install other packages until the installation failure is resolved. │
│ * retry - Prompts once more with all the configuration questions │
│ (including ones you may have missed due to the debconf priority │
│ setting) and makes another attempt at performing the operation. │
│ * retry (skip questions) - Immediately attempts the operation again, │
│ skipping all questions. This is normally useful only if you have │
│ solved the underlying problem since the time the error occurred. │
│ │
│ <Ok> │
│ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Pilih retry. Lalu Pilih Ok. Dan ulangi lagi proses diatas sekali lagi maka nanti akan berhasil.
Package configuration
┌──────┤ Configuring phpmyadmin ├───────┐
│ Next step for database installation: │
│ │
│ abort │
│ retry │
│ retry (skip questions) │
│ ignore │
│ │
│ │
│ <Ok> │
│ │
└───────────────────────────────────────┘
Setelah Reconfigure phpmyadmin selesai maka berikut merupakan tampilan phpMyadmin jika kita berhasil login menggunakan user root sehingga kita bisa melakukan pembuatan database berbeda jika kita login menggunakan user phpmyadmin yang tidak bisa membuat database.
Kita telah selesai menginstall MariaDB Server dan phpMyadmin pada Debian 10 menggunakan Nginx Web Server selanjutnya kamu bisa memulai menginstall CMS pada Server kamu. Semoga Postingan ini bermanfaat kurang dan lebihnya sama mohon maaf.
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